Marie Antoinette, born Maria Antonia Josepha Johanna on November 2, 1755, was the last Queen of France before the French Revolution. Born Archduke of Austria, she was the second-to-last child and youngest daughter of Empress Maria Theresa and Emperor Francis I.
Marie Antoinette was a symbol of the problems of the old French regime. The responsibility for causing the nation’s financial difficulties was placed on her shoulders by the Revolutionary Court and in the new Republican idea of what it meant to be a member of the nation, her Austrian descent, and the competing republic.
The French people saw her death as a necessary step towards the completion of the revolution. Moreover, her execution was seen as a sign that the revolution had done its part. Marie Antoinette was also known for her taste for luxury, and her orders from renowned craftsmen such as Jean-Henri Liesener further hinted at her enduring legacy as a woman of taste and patronage.
Marie Antionette Children: Marie Thérèse Charlotte, Louis Joseph Xavier François, Louis XVII of France, and Sophie Hélène Béatrix
Marie Antoinette was a mother to four biological children; Marie Thérèse Charlotte, born on December 9, 1778, Louis Joseph Xavier François born in 1781, Louis XVII of France born in March 1785, and Sophie Hélène Béatrix born in July 1786.
Like many children from this period, two of Marie Antoinette’s children died prematurely. Her daughter Sophie Beatrix was less than a year old when she died, and Crown Prince Louis Joseph died of tuberculosis at the age of seven. After his death, Louis-Charles became the new crown prince of France.
Marie Thérèse Charlotte
Marie-Thérèse-Charlotte was the eldest child of Louis XVI. and Marie Antoinette, Queen of France. In 1799 she married Louis-Antoine, Duke of Angoulême, the eldest son and cousin of Charles, Count of Artois, from whom she became the Duchess of Angoulême. She was the controversial Queen of France in the 1830s.
In 1824, on the accession of her uncle and her father-in-law Charles X to the throne, she became Prince of France. Technically, she was Queen for 20 minutes from August 2, 1830, when her father-in-law signed the deed of abdication until her husband reluctantly signed the same document.
Marie-Thérèse-Charlotte was born on December 19, 1778, at the Palace of Versailles, the first child (after her parents had been married for eight years) and the eldest daughter of Louis XVI and Queen Marie Antoinette. She was Feuille de France the daughter of the King of France and she was named Madame Royale at birth as the eldest daughter of the King.
Marie-Thérèse arrived in Vienna on the night of January 9, 1796, 22 days after leaving the temple. She later left Vienna and moved to Mitau in Courland (now Jelgava, Latvia), where her father’s eldest surviving brother, the Count of Provence, lived as a guest of the Russian Emperor Paul I.
After the death of her brother, he changed his name to Louis XVIII and proclaimed himself King of France. He had no children of his own and wanted his niece to marry his cousin Louis Antoine, the Duke of Angoulême, son of his brother Comte d’Artois. Marie-Thérèse agreed.
Louis Antoine was a shy, stuttering young man. His father tried to persuade him not to marry, however, the wedding took place on June 10, 1799, at Jelgava Castle (now Latvia). The couple had no children.
Louis Joseph Xavier François
Louis Joseph Xavier François turned into Crown Prince of France as the second child and primary son of King Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette. As the son of a king of France, he turned into a fils de France. Louis Joseph died at the age of 7 from tuberculosis and was succeeded as Crown Prince by his four-year-old brother Louis Charles.
Louis Joseph Xavier François de France was born at the Palace of Versailles on 22 October 1781. He was the long-awaited Crown Prince, to inherit his father’s throne of France, because of the Salic Law, which excluded girls from acceding to the throne, which prevented his elder sister, Marie Thérèse Charlotte, Madame Royale from ascending the throne. The delivery of Louis Joseph ruined the hopes of his uncle, the Comte de Provence, of succeeding his brother Louis XVI.
Dauphin County, Pennsylvania, where Harrisburg is located, is called after him. The Pennsylvania legislature, assembly in Philadelphia in 1785, named the newly shaped county northwest of Lancaster and north of York to thank France for assisting the USA to win her independence from the British Empire. Within the county, the borough of Dauphin, so named while it changed into integrated in 1845, is as a result in a roundabout way additionally named after him.
Louis XVII of France
King Louis XVII, is the second son of Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette, Queen of France. His older brother, Prince Louis Joseph of France, died in June 1789, just a month before the French Revolution began.
Louis XVII was born Louis-Charles, Duke of Normandy; on 27 March 1785, after his brother’s death, he became the new Dauphine (heir to the throne), a title he held until 1791 when a new constitution gave a successor the title of Prince Royal.
When his father was executed during the French Revolution on 21 January 1793, in the eyes of the royalists he automatically succeeded as King Louis XVII of France. France was a republic at this point, and Louis-Charles died in his imprisonment in June 1795, so he never really reigned. Nevertheless, in 1814, after the Restoration of Bourbon, his uncle ascended the throne and became Louis XVIII.
Sophie Hélène Béatrix
Marie Sophie Hélène Béatrice of France, Daughter of France, Madame Sophie born 9 July 1786 was a French princess. She was born at the Palace of Versailles. Sophie was the youngest of the four children of King Louis XVI of France and his Queen consort, Marie Antoinette.
Sophie was a very large baby. Her health was undermined by tuberculosis. She died in Versailles after five or six days of troubles caused by the cutting of new teeth. She was eleven months old. Her death caused much grief for her parents.
Marie Antionette Other Children
In addition to her own children, Marie Antoinette adopted 4 children: “Armand” Francois-Michel Gagné, a negative orphan in 1776; Jean Amilcar, a Senegalese slave boy given to the queen as a gift with the aid of using Chevalier de Boufflers in 1787, (however, she alternatively freed, baptized, adopted and located in a pension); Ernestine Lambriquet, daughter of servants on the palace, who she raised because she became the playmate of her daughter Marie Thérése and she adopted her after the loss of her mom in 1788; and finally “Zoe” Jeanne Louise Victoire, who she adopted in 1790 alongside her older sisters whilst her parents, an usher and her spouse died.
Of these, only Armand, Ernestine, and Zoe actually lived with the royal family. it was a bad experience for Amilcar, who was expelled from boarding school when fees were no longer paid and reportedly starved to death in the streets.
Armand and Zoe had a function which become greater just like that of Ernestine; Armand lived at courtroom docket with the king and queen till he left them at the outbreak of the Revolution due to his republican sympathies, and Zoe become selected to be the playmate of the dauphin, simply as Ernestine had as soon as been decided on because the playmate of Marie-Therese, and despatched away to her sisters in a convent boarding college earlier than the Flight to Varennes in 1791.
There are no direct descendants of Marie Antoinette. She had only four children with her husband, but only Marie Thérèse her first child made it to adulthood.
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